Criminological Features of the Personality of Killers with Psychic Deviations and Specifics of Detecting Thereof

Introduction. It is well known that a criminal deed can be efficiently prevented by focusing the intent attention on the criminal’s personality, which bears the criminogenic features of the determinative system, serves as a backbone for the criminal behaviour mechanism. As follows from the existing research results, some features of the present-day criminal violence are determined by the specific social environment, which implies psychological adoption of the population to the dangerous criminal phenomena. In this regard, there arises a risk of perceiving a crime as an integral part of the social environment, a norm of the surrounding reality, which turns into a kind of a beneficial "life pattern" for the increasing number of citizens, who are willing to “try it on” because, for the sake of achieving a goal, they are ready to accept the idea of not only violating the law, but also of demonstrating the aggression and violence while doing so. The article attempts to reveal the subject matter of the psychosocial anamnesis of the personality of a killer with psychic deviations, to identify a range of preventive measures. The study is relevant because the psychological background of the society, which reflects the reaction of the population to the certain events, also reveals itself in wide-spreading the certain clinical manifestations influencing the unlawful behavioural variability. Thus, among the persons who had committed a murder, the proportion of criminals with psychic deviations reaches 50 %. The aim of the study is to provide a criminological analysis of the personality formation patterns of the killers with psychic deviations and define the preventive measures for identifying the persons of the studied category.

Materials and Methods. In the article the results of the research carried out by the native and foreign scientists on the mechanism of violence manifestations in the persons with psychic deviations was analysed. Within the study the general scientific and specific scientific methods were used: the comprehensive methods of analysis and content study of the surrounding reality consistent patterns that influence the formation of the antisocial aggressive mindset in a personality, as well as the statistical method and the method of system analysis of the present-day social formations.

Results. The importance of the studied type of criminal violence has been determined from perspective of the antisocial harmfulness of this special phenomenon of the criminal law and criminology. The problems of the psychic deviations etymology have been revealed. The difficulties in defining and implementing the preventive measures towards the persons with the psychic disorders have been substantiated.

Discussion and Conclusion. The present-day radicalization of the social formations caused by the radical changes in the components and foundations of the life of an individual cannot but influence the state of the clinical manifestations, the dynamics of their most acute forms, such as psychic disorders, which are often manifested in aggressive, inadequate behaviour. It is alarming that the Rostov region occupies the fourth place in consumption of the antidepressants, which indicates a high level of anxiety in society. The negative features of the personality formation related with the adverse influence of the surrounding reality factors will manifest themselves over time and will transform through the so-called "criminal echo". We believe that while investigating a criminal case, as long as the psychic disorder in a killer's personality has been diagnosed, it is possible to determine a range of measures of the criminological therapy in the frame of implementation of the provisions of the Federal Law "On Probation in the Russian Federation", which entered into force on January 1, 2024.

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